Mar 28, 2024 Last Updated 2:13 AM, Oct 19, 2021

 

The Wager.

 

“What if you’re wrong?” It’s a common question theists ask to non-believers.  What if you’re wrong and god exists and sends you to hell for your non belief?

Pascal’s Wager is a common argument for the belief in a god. It was constructed by Blaise Pascal, a 17th-century French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist. The wager is derived in Pensées; Pascal’s posthumously published collection of treatise on Christian apologetics.

The Wager simply states that if God does not exist, then nothing is gained from either belief or disbelief.  However, if God does exist and one chose to believe, the reward is positively infinite; a blissful eternity in heaven. But if God does exist and one chose not to believe, the cost is negatively infinite; eternal damnation in hell.

In a nutshell, we should believe in god even if there are no empirical evidences for his or her existence because the penalty for not believing, which is eternal damnation in hell, is highly undesirable and we are better off taking our chances at belief.

Good Try Apologetics.

But Pascal’s Wager isn’t as infallible as it seems. At the basic level, it commits the fallacies begging the question and special pleading. Recall that the proponent is Blaise Pascal ― a Christian apologetic. The Wager assumes that the characteristic of the god being asked to believe in as that of a typical Christian god; one that rewards its believers and blind followers.

But through the Wager, we can also hypothesize the existence of a god that rewards skeptics and atheists and punishes self-righteous believers. We can also hypothesize of a benevolent god who rewards people based on good works. But at the very basic level, the wager can be invoked by those of other faiths thereby increasing the risks and adding more choices of deities to believe in.

Another flaw of Pascal’s Wager is that it assumes that belief does not cost anything and there is nothing to be gained by a lack of belief. Belief that the Wager is pertaining to is the one that requires money, time, effort and resources. Without these, there should be no churches, edifices, statues or any grand religious events.  Lack of belief in a god or gods changes the mindset of a person. A person tends to be more open minded and appreciative of the complexities of life around him. He may also enjoy he things prohibited by religion such as premarital sex, pork, liquor, tea, etc.

Pascal’s Wager also fails to provide a single empirical evidence for the existence of hell or god. Instead, it thrives on the fear and uncertainty of other people that they might go to hell if indeed such a god exists even if there is no logical argument for it.

Lastly, I would like to state that through Pascal’s Wager, robbers, rapists, murderers, con men, terrorists, etc. will go to heaven; the Wager relies on belief rather than moral or ethical actions. Even if I were a god, I would not permit these kinds of people in heaven even if they strongly believed in me.

 

By Evan Tide (http://patas.co/articles/pascals-wager-is-it-your-best-bet/)

 

What is Pascal's Wager?

 

Pascal's Wager is an argument in apologetic philosophy which was devised by the seventeenth-century French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist, Blaise Pascal. It posits that humans all bet with their lives either that God exists or does not exist. Given the possibility that God actually does exist and assuming the infinite gain or loss associated with belief in God or with unbelief, a rational person should live as though God exists and seek to believe in God. If God does not actually exist, such a person will have only a finite loss (some pleasures, luxury, etc.).

Pascal formulated the wager within a Christian framework. The wager was set out in section 233 of Pascal's posthumously published Pensées. Pensées, meaning thoughts, was the name given to the collection of unpublished notes which, after Pascal's death, were assembled to form an incomplete treatise on Christian apologetics.

Historically, Pascal's Wager was groundbreaking because it charted new territory in probability theory, marked the first formal use of decision theory, and anticipated future philosophies such as existentialism, pragmatism, and voluntarism.

The wager

The philosophy uses the following logic (excerpts from Pensées, part III, §233):

  1. "God is, or He is not"
  2. A Game is being played... where heads or tails will turn up.
  3. According to reason, you can defend neither of the propositions.
  4. You must wager. (It's not optional.)
  5. Let us weigh the gain and the loss in wagering that God is. Let us estimate these two chances. If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing.
  6. Wager, then, without hesitation that He is. (...) There is here an infinity of an infinitely happy life to gain, a chance of gain against a finite number of chances of loss, and what you stake is finite. And so our proposition is of infinite force, when there is the finite to stake in a game where there are equal risks of gain and of loss, and the infinite to gain.

 

Category Quotation(s)
Uncertainty in all This is what I see, and what troubles me. I look on all sides, and everywhere I see nothing but obscurity. Nature offers me nothing that is not a matter of doubt and disquiet.
Uncertainty in Man's purpose For after all what is man in nature? A nothing in relation to infinity, all in relation to nothing, a central point between nothing and all and infinitely far from understanding either.
Uncertainty in reason There is nothing so conformable to reason as this disavowal of reason.
Uncertainty in science There no doubt exist natural laws, but once this fine reason of ours was corrupted, it corrupted everything.
Uncertainty in religion If I saw no signs of a divinity, I would fix myself in denial. If I saw everywhere the marks of a Creator, I would repose peacefully in faith. But seeing too much to deny Him, and too little to assure me, I am in a pitiful state, and I would wish a hundred times that if a god sustains nature it would reveal Him without ambiguity.

We understand nothing of the works of God unless we take it as a principle that He wishes to blind some and to enlighten others.

Uncertainty in skepticism It is not certain that everything is uncertain.

Pascal asks the reader to analyze the position of mankind, this crisis of existence and lack of complete understanding. While Mankind can discern a great deal through reason, it is also hopelessly removed from knowing everything through it. He describes Mankind as a finite being trapped within an incomprehensible infinity. Thrust into being from non-being for a brief life only to go out again, with no explanation whatsoever of "Why?" or "What?" or "How?". The finite nature of our being constrains reason with respect to every form of knowledge. Now, assuming that reason alone cannot determine whether or not God exists, the ontological question is reduced to a coin toss. However, making a choice to live as though God exists or does not exist is unavoidable even if the ontological question is inconclusive. In Pascal's assessment, participation in this Wager is not optional because Mankind is already thrust into existence. So even if God's existence cannot be independently confirmed or denied, nevertheless the Wager is necessary and the possible scenarios must be considered and decided upon pragmatically.

Explanation

The wager is described in Pensées this way:

If there is a God, He is infinitely incomprehensible, since, having neither parts nor limits, He has no affinity to us. We are then incapable of knowing either what He is or if He is....

..."God is, or He is not." But to which side shall we incline? Reason can decide nothing here. There is an infinite chaos which separated us. A game is being played at the extremity of this infinite distance where heads or tails will turn up. What will you wager? According to reason, you can do neither the one thing nor the other; according to reason, you can defend neither of the propositions.

Do not, then, reprove for error those who have made a choice; for you know nothing about it. "No, but I blame them for having made, not this choice, but a choice; for again both he who chooses heads and he who chooses tails are equally at fault, they are both in the wrong. The true course is not to wager at all."

Yes; but you must wager. It is not optional. You are embarked. Which will you choose then? Let us see. Since you must choose, let us see which interests you least. You have two things to lose, the true and the good; and two things to stake, your reason and your will, your knowledge and your happiness; and your nature has two things to shun, error and misery. Your reason is no more shocked in choosing one rather than the other, since you must of necessity choose. This is one point settled. But your happiness? Let us weigh the gain and the loss in wagering that God is. Let us estimate these two chances. If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing. Wager, then, without hesitation that He is.

"That is very fine. Yes, I must wager; but I may perhaps wager too much." Let us see. Since there is an equal risk of gain and of loss, if you had only to gain two lives, instead of one, you might still wager. But if there were three lives to gain, you would have to play (since you are under the necessity of playing), and you would be imprudent, when you are forced to play, not to chance your life to gain three at a game where there is an equal risk of loss and gain. But there is an eternity of life and happiness. And this being so, if there were an infinity of chances, of which one only would be for you, you would still be right in wagering one to win two, and you would act stupidly, being obliged to play, by refusing to stake one life against three at a game in which out of an infinity of chances there is one for you, if there were an infinity of an infinitely happy life to gain. But there is here an infinity of an infinitely happy life to gain, a chance of gain against a finite number of chances of loss, and what you stake is finite.

Pascal begins by painting a situation where both the existence and non-existence of God are impossible to prove by human reason. So, supposing that reason cannot determine the truth between the two options, one must "wager" by weighing the possible consequences. Pascal’s assumption is that, when it comes to making the decision, no one can refuse to participate; withholding assent is impossible because we are already "embarked", effectively living out the choice.

We only have two things to stake, our "reason" and our "happiness". Pascal considers that if there is "equal risk of loss and gain" (i.e. a coin toss), then human reason is powerless to address the question of whether God exists or not. That being the case, then human reason can only decide the question according to possible resulting happiness of the decision, weighing the gain and loss in believing that God exists and likewise in believing that God does not exist.

He points out that if a wager was between the equal chance of gaining two lifetimes of happiness and gaining nothing, then a person would be a fool to bet on the latter. The same would go if it was three lifetimes of happiness versus nothing. He then argues that it is simply unconscionable by comparison to bet against an eternal life of happiness for the possibility of gaining nothing. The wise decision is to wager that God exists, since "If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing", meaning one can gain eternal life if God exists, but if not, one will be no worse off in death than if one had not believed. On the other hand, if you bet against God, win or lose, you either gain nothing or lose everything. You are either unavoidably annihilated (in which case, nothing matters one way or the other) or lose the opportunity of eternal happiness. In note 194, speaking about those who live apathetically betting against God, he sums up by remarking, "It is to the glory of religion to have for enemies men so unreasonable..."

Inability to believe

Pascal addressed the difficulty that 'reason' and 'rationality' pose to genuine belief by proposing that "acting as if [one] believed" could "cure [one] of unbelief":

But at least learn your inability to believe, since reason brings you to this, and yet you cannot believe. Endeavour then to convince yourself, not by increase of proofs of God, but by the abatement of your passions. You would like to attain faith, and do not know the way; you would like to cure yourself of unbelief, and ask the remedy for it. Learn of those who have been bound like you, and who now stake all their possessions. These are people who know the way which you would follow, and who are cured of an ill of which you would be cured. Follow the way by which they began; by acting as if they believed, taking the holy water, having masses said, etc. Even this will naturally make you believe, and deaden your acuteness.

Pensées Section III note 233, Translation by W. F. Trotter

 

Analysis with decision theory

The possibilities defined by Pascal's Wager can be thought of as a decision under uncertainty with the values of the following decision matrix. (Pascal did not mention hell, nor did he address what the outcome would be of "God exists + Living as if God does not exist," the prospect of infinite gain being sufficient to make his point.)

  God exists (G) God does not exist (¬G)
Belief (B) +∞ (infinite gain) −1 (finite loss)
Disbelief (¬B) −∞ (infinite loss) +1 (finite gain)

 

Given these values, the option of living as if God exists (B) dominates the option of living as if God does not exist (~B), as long as one assumes a positive probability that God exists. In other words, the expected value gained by choosing B is greater than or equal to that of choosing ~B.

In fact, according to decision theory, the only value that matters in the above matrix is the +∞ (infinitely positive). Any matrix of the following type (where f1, f2, and f3 are all finite positive or negative numbers) results in (B) as being the only rational decision.

  God exists (G) God does not exist (¬G)
Belief (B) +∞ f1
Disbelief (¬B) f2 f3

 

Criticism

Criticism of Pascal's Wager began in his own day, and came from both staunch atheists (who question the 'benefits' of a deity whose 'realm' is beyond reason), and the religiously orthodox (who primarily take issue with the wager's deistic and agnostic language). It is criticized for not proving God's existence, encouragement of false belief and the problem of which religion and which God should be worshipped.

Failure as proof

Voltaire (another prominent French writer of the Enlightenment) a generation after Pascal, rejected the notion that the wager was 'proof of God' as "indecent and childish", adding, "the interest I have to believe a thing is no proof that such a thing exists." Pascal, however, did not advance the wager as a proof, but rather as a necessary pragmatic decision, that is 'impossible to avoid'. He argued that abstaining is not an option, and 'reason is incapable of divining the truth'; thus, a decision of whether or not to believe must be made by 'considering the consequences of each possibility'.

Honestly judged however, Voltaire's critique concerns not at all the character of pascalian wager as God`s existence proof, as surmised here, but the fact that the very beliefs Pascal tries to promote are not at all believable and convincing (the philosopher hints to the fact that Pascal, as a catholic jansenist, believed the doctrine that only a small - and already predestined - portion of humanity will eventually be saved by his Christian God); in this context Voltaire explains that no matter how far someone is tempted with rewards in order to believe such a Christian dogma of salvation and such a god, the results will be at best a faint belief. In his view, such a critical thinker as he is, needs some very hard proofs in order to believe in a cruel and morally defective god, some reasons other than the mere promised (but also hard-to-believe) pascalian reward. As Étienne Souriau explained, in order to believe in such a morally unbelievable god, the bettor needs to be sure God really means seriously to honour the bet; he says that the wager takes as guaranteed the fact that this God accepts too the bet, fact which is far from being proved; Pascal's bettor is here like the fool who seeing a leaf floating on a river's waters and quivering at some point, for few seconds, between the two sides of a stone, says: “I bet a million with Rothschild that it takes finally the left path.” And, effectively, the leaf passed on the left side of the stone, but unfortunately for the fool Rothschild never said too, “I bet”.

Argument from inconsistent revelations

Since there have been many religions throughout history, and therefore many conceptions of God (or gods), some assert that all of them need to be factored into the wager, in an argument known as the argument from inconsistent revelations. This, its proponents argue, would lead to a high probability of believing in "the wrong god", which, they claim, eliminates the mathematical advantage Pascal claimed with his Wager. Denis Diderot, a contemporary of Voltaire, concisely expressed this opinion when asked about the wager, saying "an Imam could reason the same way". J. L. Mackie notes that "the church within which alone salvation is to be found is not necessarily the Church of Rome, but perhaps that of the Anabaptists or members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or the Muslim Sunnis or the worshipers of Kali or of Odin."

Another version of this objection argues that for every religion that promulgates rules, there exists another religion that has rules of the opposite kind. If a certain action leads one closer to salvation in the former religion, it leads one further away from it in the latter. Therefore, the expected value of following a certain religion could be negative. Or, one could also argue that there is an infinite number of mutually exclusive religions (which is a subset of the set of all possible religions), and that the probability of any one of them being true is zero; therefore the expected value of following a certain religion is zero.

Pascal considers this type of objection briefly in the notes compiled into the Pensées, and dismisses it as obviously wrong and disingenuous:

What say [the unbelievers] then? "Do we not see," say they, "that the brutes live and die like men, and Turks like Christians? They have their ceremonies, their prophets, their doctors, their saints, their monks, like us," etc. If you care but little to know the truth, that is enough to leave you in repose. But if you desire with all your heart to know it, it is not enough; look at it in detail. That would be sufficient for a question in philosophy; but not here, where everything is at stake. And yet, after a superficial reflection of this kind, we go to amuse ourselves, etc. Let us inquire of this same religion whether it does not give a reason for this obscurity; perhaps it will teach it to us.

This short but densely packed passage, which alludes to numerous themes discussed elsewhere in the Pensées, has given rise to many pages of scholarly analysis.

Pascal says that unbelievers who rest content with the many-religions objection are people whose scepticism has seduced them into a fatal "repose". If they were really bent on knowing the truth, they would be persuaded to examine "in detail" whether Christianity is like any other religion, but they just cannot be bothered. Their objection might be sufficient were the subject concerned merely some "question in philosophy", but not "here, where everything is at stake". In "a matter where they themselves, their eternity, their all are concerned", they can manage no better than "a superficial reflection" ("une reflexion légère") and, thinking they have scored a point by asking a leading question, they go off to amuse themselves.

As Pascal scholars observe, Pascal regarded the many-religions objection as a rhetorical ploy, a "trap" that he had no intention of falling into. If, however, any who raised it were sincere, they would want to examine the matter "in detail". In that case, they could get some pointers by turning to his chapter on "other religions".

As David Wetsel notes, Pascal's treatment of the pagan religions is brisk: "As far as Pascal is concerned, the demise of the pagan religions of antiquity speaks for itself. Those pagan religions which still exist in the New World, in India, and in Africa are not even worth a second glance. They are obviously the work of superstition and ignorance and have nothing in them which might interest 'les gens habiles' ('clever men')" Islam warrants more attention, being distinguished from paganism (which for Pascal presumably includes all the other non-Christian religions) by its claim to be a revealed religion. Nevertheless, Pascal concludes that the religion founded by Mohammed can on several counts be shown to be devoid of divine authority, and that therefore, as a path to the knowledge of God, it is as much a dead end as paganism. Judaism, in view of its close links to Christianity, he deals with elsewhere.

The many-religions objection is taken more seriously by some later apologists of the wager, who argue that, of the rival options, only those awarding infinite happiness affect the wager's dominance. In the opinion of these apologists "finite, semi-blissful promises such as Kali's or Odin's" therefore drop out of consideration. Also, the infinite bliss that the rival conception of God offers has to be mutually exclusive. If Christ's promise of bliss can be attained concurrently with Jehovah's and Allah's (all three being identified as the God of Abraham), there is no conflict in the decision matrix in the case where the cost of believing in the wrong conception of God is neutral (limbo/purgatory/spiritual death), although this would be countered with an infinite cost in the case where not believing in the correct conception of God results in punishment (hell).

Furthermore, ecumenical interpretations of the Wager argue that it could even be suggested that believing in a generic God, or a god by the wrong name, is acceptable so long as that conception of God has similar essential characteristics of the conception of God considered in Pascal's Wager (perhaps the God of Aristotle). Proponents of this line of reasoning suggest that either all of the conceptions of God or gods throughout history truly boil down to just a small set of "genuine options", or that if Pascal's Wager can simply bring a person to believe in "generic theism" it has done its job.

Argument from inauthentic belief

Some critics argue that Pascal's Wager, for those who cannot believe, suggests feigning belief to gain eternal reward. This would be dishonest and immoral. In addition, it is absurd to think that God, being just and omniscient, would not see through this deceptive strategy on the part of the "believer", thus nullifying the benefits of the wager.

Since these criticisms are concerned not with the validity of the wager itself, but with its possible aftermath — namely that a person who has been convinced of the overwhelming odds in favor of belief might still find himself unable to sincerely believe — they are tangential to the thrust of the wager. What such critics are objecting to is Pascal's subsequent advice to an unbeliever who, having concluded that the only rational way to wager is in favor of God's existence, points out, reasonably enough, that this by no means makes him a believer. This hypothetical unbeliever complains, "I am so made that I cannot believe. What would you have me do?" Pascal, far from suggesting that God can be deceived by outward show, says that God does not regard it at all: "God looks only at what is inward." For a person who is already convinced of the odds of the wager but cannot seem to put his heart into the belief, he offers practical advice.

Explicitly addressing the question of inability to believe, Pascal argues that if the wager is valid, the inability to believe is irrational, and therefore must be caused by feelings: "your inability to believe, because reason compels you to [believe] and yet you cannot, [comes] from your passions." This inability, therefore, can be overcome by diminishing these irrational sentiments: "Learn from those who were bound like you. . . . Follow the way by which they began: that is by doing everything as if they believed, by taking holy water, by having Masses said, etc. Naturally, even this will make you believe and will dull you. —'But this is what I am afraid of.' —And why? What have you to lose?"

In a similar vein, some other critics have objected to Pascal's Wager on the grounds that he wrongly assumes what type of epistemic character God would likely value in his rational creatures if he existed. More specifically, Richard Carrier has objected by positing an alternative conception of God that prefers his creatures to be honest inquirers and disapproves of thoughtless or feigned belief:

Suppose there is a god who is watching us and choosing which souls of the deceased to bring to heaven, and this god really does want only the morally good to populate heaven. He will probably select from only those who made a significant and responsible effort to discover the truth. . .Therefore, only such people can be sufficiently moral and trustworthy to deserve a place in heaven — unless God wishes to fill heaven with the morally lazy, irresponsible, or untrustworthy.

The End of Pascal's Wager: Only Nontheists Go to Heaven

However, as noted above, nowhere in the establishment of the wager does Pascal appeal to feigned belief; God, being omniscient, would not succumb to such trickery and nwittingly reward the disingenuous. Rather, in the passage following the establishment of the wager, Pascal addresses a hypothetical person who has already weighed the rationality of believing in God through the wager and is convinced by it, but remains unable to sincerely believe. Again, as noted above, Pascal offers this person a way to escape the irrational sentiment that compels him to withhold belief in God after the validity of the wager has been rationally conceded. This way consists of applying oneself to spiritual discipline, study, and community.

In practical terms, therefore, this "alternative" scenario of God valuing rational belief and honest inquiry which is offered by Carrier and other critics is actually not very different from Pascal's own formulation of the scenario. Indeed, Pascal is unabashed in his criticism of people who are apathetic about considering the issue of whether God exists. In note 194, he retorts: "This carelessness in a matter which concerns themselves, their eternity, their all, moves me more to anger than pity; it astonishes and shocks me; it is to me monstrous." Far from glorifying blind irrationality, one of the chief aims of Pascal's arguments in the Pensées was to shake people out of what he saw as their ignorant complacency so that they could rationally approach this most crucial existential matter. Pascal says in note 225: "Atheism shows strength of mind, but only to a certain degree." Unbelievers who persistently endeavor in an honest, rational effort to search for the truth are commended by Pascal, to the exclusion of those who are dismissive and disingenuous.

Argument of Assumptions

One of many challenges to Pascal's Wager can be seen in the diagram "Logic of Religious Worship."

This argument holds that three general assumptions exist.

  1. God exists as malevolent and wrathful
  2. God does not exist
  3. God exists as benevolent and forgiving

It holds that time spent during life is either precious (and thus can be wasted) or is not, due to an afterlife (though time still can be viewed as wasted).

  God exists as benevolent(BG) God does not exist (¬G) God exists as malevolent(MG)
Worship (W) Time Wasted Time Wasted Statistically likely

that time wasted

Abstain (¬W) No Loss No loss Arguable gain


Perhaps the most substantial flaw that this diagram shows in Pascal's reasoning is that of the existence of a plethora of religions. Pascal assumes that any worship yields infinite gain if god exists. However, examine the table:

Malevolent God Guaranteed

Outcome

Possible Outcome 1 Possible Outcome 2
Worship False God Doomed    
Abstain   Doomed Saved
Worship True God   Doomed

(Malevolent God, after all)

Saved

(Statistically unlikely to choose "correctly")

Worship does not inherently yield infinite gain, nor does abstaining from worship inherently yield infinite loss. In fact, worship is more likely to yield an infinite loss than it is to yield an infinite gain (likelihood of false worship under assumption of malevolent god). Abstaining from worship has an unforeseeable, but arguably statistically equal, chance of ending in infinite gain (under assumption of malevolent god).

 

Benevolent God Outcome Time Spent Worshiping
Worship False God Saved Wasted
Abstain Saved No waste
Worship True God Saved Unnecessary

As can be seen from the above table, under the assumption of a benevolent god, any time spent worshiping is ultimately unnecessary. You are still drastically more likely to waste your time through worship of a false god than you are to spend unnecessary time worshiping a true god (benevolent god, assumption).

 

This criticism is aimed solely toward the logic of worship for the purpose of salvation. It does not address worship for the purpose of comfort or peace during life.

Variations

  • The Sophist Protagoras had an agnostic position regarding the gods, but he nevertheless continued to worship the gods. This could be considered as an early version of the wager.
  • In the famous tragedy of Euripides Bacchae, Kadmos states an early version of Pascal's wager. It is noteworthy that at the end of the tragedy Dionysos, the god to whom Kadmos referred, appears and punishes him for thinking in this way. Euripides, quite clearly, considered and dismissed the wager in this tragedy.
  • The Christian apologist Arnobius of Sicca (d.330) stated an early version of the argument in his book Against the Pagans.
  • An instantiation of this argument, within the Islamic kalam tradition, was discussed by Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni (d. 478/1085) in his Kitab al-irshad ila-qawati al-adilla fi usul al-i'tiqad, or A Guide to the Conclusive Proofs for the Principles of Belief.
  • In the Sanskrit classic Sārasamuccaya, Vararuci makes a similar argument to Pascal's wager.

 

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  The NEW PATAS Year End Party 2019   Since the old Philippine Atheist Group, under the name PATAS was dissolved roughly two years ago, a new Atheists and Agnostics group has been launched and SEC... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Commemorating the LGBTQ Pride in 2019
Saturday, 06 July 2019
    Commemorating the LGBTQ Pride in 2019   Attending the annual Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) pride march is surely one of the most rewarding achievements any LGBTQ fellow... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Humanism Betrayed - The BHA exposed
Tuesday, 06 September 2016
  Humanism Betrayed - The BHA exposed   Secularism is a movement towards the separation of religion and government. Religious laws based on scriptures such as Christian doctrines or Sharia... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE It's Labor Day again - May 1
Friday, 01 May 2015
  The 1st of May Labor Day is celebrated in more than 80 countries world wide. Mostly Labor Unions march the streets with their members to remember the fights for better working conditions,... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The true and twisted definition of Human Rights
Friday, 30 January 2015
  The true and twisted definition of Human Rights     The organization of Islamic cooperation is composed of 56 States of which Islam is embraced and used as the state religion. This... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The Atheist oasis in the east of Europe
Wednesday, 24 July 2013
  The Czech Republic is an east European country with a very special touch. Next to Estonia, it is the most irreligious country in east Europe, one of the former east block countries. Of course... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE North Koreans are vaccinated with propaganda from childhood
Wednesday, 24 July 2013
    The same as religions indoctrinates peoples from early age, North Korea's regime programs it's citizens into a constant mindset of war. As North Korea was always known for it's... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The USA 2020 presidential elections – A reflection
Friday, 13 November 2020
    The USA 2020 presidential elections – A reflection   During the 2016 USA elections, the Left claimed, that President Trump came to power through Russian meddling; now that its 98% clear,... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE SCIENCE VS FANTASY: WHICH ONE WILL SOLVE THE COVID-19 PROBLEM?
Thursday, 07 May 2020
  SCIENCE VS FANTASY: WHICH ONE WILL SOLVE THE COVID-19 PROBLEM?   The year 2020 will be remembered as the year that the pandemic called the Covid-19 had started spreading around the world. As of... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The pandemic could accelerate the removal of cash
Friday, 01 May 2020
  The pandemic could accelerate the removal of cash   How often does it happen; we enter the shop, fill our basket, and when at the cashier, we have to leave some goods behind, because we find out,... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The big Test – My take on what the other side of the coin may be
Saturday, 25 April 2020
  The big Test – My take on what the other side of the coin may be   As a critical thinker, we always like to look behind the scenes, question all, and seek answers, not from the main sources or... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE My take on the mental health side of the Covid-19 pandemic
Sunday, 05 April 2020
  My take on the mental health side of the Covid-19 pandemic   Whilst medical science is researching for Covid-19 vaccines, students are asked to stay home, and many companies are sending their... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The leftist puppets and totalitarian like mainstreaming
Monday, 11 March 2019
  The leftist puppets and totalitarian like mainstreaming   The world has a new innocence role model. A 16-year-old Swede Greta Thunberg. Since the climate summit in Katowice and her appearance at... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Peter Tatchell; a disgrace for the LGBT community
Monday, 18 June 2018
  Peter Tatchell; a disgrace for the LGBT community   Peter Tatchell was arrested in Russia, for demonstrating for LGBT rights in Chechnya. The sign Tatchell was wearing around his neck read:... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE This is how coward the Greens and CDU Germany are
Saturday, 02 June 2018
This is how coward the Greens and CDU Germany are   I gave it a try to post in their party official Facebook sites. What happened was most astonishing. No reaction at all. No even one comment... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE How the German TV promotes supporting and hiding illegal Muslim migrants
Saturday, 22 April 2017
  How the German TV promotes supporting and hiding illegal Muslim migrants   German public service broadcaster ARD is featuring a weekly series called "Lindenstrasse". Its a leftist... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Seperation of church and state? I dont think so!
Friday, 21 October 2016
  Donald Trump Heckled by New York Elite at Charity Dinner   Lets put the topic aside. But secular democracy should be without priests! U.S. presidential campaign tensions seeped into a... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Why Humanism is not a left wing exclusiveness
Saturday, 22 April 2017
  Why Humanism is not a left wing exclusiveness   Humanism is an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanists stress the... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Do-Gooders are not good doers - The downfall of Humanism
Saturday, 22 April 2017
  Do-Gooders are not good doers - The downfall of Humanism     An alien space ship crashes in the Arctic, and a group of army pilots fly to check it out. Inside the space ship they find wounded... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE ARose askes for help .... Please read! Please share!
Monday, 28 November 2016
  Slow Dance This is a poem written by a teenager with cancer. She wants to see how many people get her poem. It is quite a poem, please pass it on. This poem was written by a terminally ill... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Europäischer Humanismus entgleist
Sunday, 27 September 2015
  Europäischer Humanismus entgleist     Was ist Humanismus? Humanismus ist eine philosophische und ethische Haltung, die den Wert und die Wirkung des Menschen  in den Vordergrund... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Unboxing Humanism
Monday, 01 July 2013
    The dwellers within the eclipsed peninsula of Scandinavia are unsung evidences that one can be morally principled without religion so long as you have empathy, ethics, and conscience as... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE A Filipino militant Atheist - An online approach
Thursday, 15 April 2021
  A Filipino militant Atheist - An online approach   Erwin Lorenzo Escarrilla, is a young outspoken and militant Atheist in The Philippines. He is a "love it or hate it" guy, who has now, after... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE A Special Occasion for the Atheists of Metro Manila
Monday, 08 May 2017
  A Special Occasion for the Atheists of Metro Manila   In a country where its society is influenced by the Catholic religion, a meet-up which is being attended by non-believers is quite rare and... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE FEAR.
Friday, 14 August 2015
  “A man either lives life as it happens to him, meets it head-on and licks it,    or he turns his back on it and starts to wither away.”... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The irony of the religious LGBTs
Tuesday, 13 May 2014
  They even agree with the anti LGentimeBT snts of the Catholic priests who declaim their biases on their pulpits. The Catholic leaders indeed have an evident and obvious repulsion against LGBTs... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Atheists and Humanists should act as role models
Saturday, 01 June 2013
    Only certain countries are lucky and privileged to be secular, and situated with an Atheist or at least not religious dominant influenced society. But be it so, many countries are... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Germany is dropping in its safety ranking
Monday, 11 March 2019
  Germany is dropping in its safety ranking   According to a recent ranking for gays and lesbians, Germany has become less secure. Sweden, Canada and Portugal are the LGBT-friendliest travel... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Indonesia: Another case of religion poisons everything
Saturday, 20 May 2017
  Indonesia: Another case of religion poisons everything   On May 17 2017, we could read that a Sharia court in Indonesia’s Aceh province had sentenced two men for having gay sex. The court... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The LGBT Quest for Equality Continues
Monday, 20 June 2016
  The LGBT Quest for Equality Continues     It has already been a week since the deadliest mass shooting in modern American history took place in Orlando Florida in 12 June 2016, where... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The right to raise children
Wednesday, 24 July 2013
  In many constitutions it is clearly stated that men and women are equal, thus should be treated equally, have the same rights and opportunities. In our world the standard for families is... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Looking back at the 2013 IDAHO day
Friday, 24 May 2013
  Last May 17, different LGBT groups in Metro Manila celebrated the IDAHO Day in the Cubao Expo.  IDAHO stands for International Day Against Homophobia and is celebrated annually to... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Birds aren't real dot com - A hilarious discovery
Tuesday, 29 June 2021
    Birds aren't real dot com - A hilarious discovery   The moment you realize that there is more absurdity around the net next to the flat earthenist people. Here now a group and website that... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Internet finding - 50 ways...
Friday, 20 November 2020
    50 ways to eat cock: A social network finding from a magazine, that is maybe decades old MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Walmart removed Israel costume from its assortment
Friday, 30 October 2015
  Ahead of the American Halloween, retail giant Walmart had to react to the growing criticism from Muslim and ethnic Arab US citizens, due to its offer of an IDF costume. The IDF is the Israel... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Bizarre Texas law finding - Dildo attack!
Friday, 16 October 2015
  Questionable gun laws have always existed in Texas. But the law, which was passed and was enforced on August 1, 2016, is even going too far for many Texas weapons friends. (Read the law... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Mike the headless chicken
Friday, 15 March 2013
  Browsing the internet is the fastest way of coming round the world nowadays, getting the latest information’s and sometimes the most curious   MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE History repeats - Science fiction becomes reality
Sunday, 15 March 2020
  History repeats - Science fiction becomes reality   Think and find your own opinion! The eyes of darkness is a book that was written in 1981. Amazingly the date of the coronavirus outbreak and... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE @TheHitch - When readers share
Saturday, 21 July 2018
  @TheHitch - When readers share   The readers of i-ARose are often not only readers, but writers and creators of publications themselves.   Via E-Mail we were sent a blog, that was created by the... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The Economist - A one sided claim
Sunday, 25 December 2016
  The Economist - A one sided claim   In the 23rd issue of the Economist, dated December 17, one article strikes the eye; its called "Creating a digital totalitarian state". It starts... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Win an amazon gift code - Great chance!
Thursday, 19 November 2015
    Sweeten your season with a chance to win purchase balance for amazon     This is a great opportunity to win an amazon gift card / code. Don't miss this, so that you can buy... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE ALFA - A new party, a new hope?
Tuesday, 08 September 2015
    ALFA - A new party, a new hope?   Since July 19 2015 Germany has a new party. Split off from the AfD (Alternative for Germany) the new ALFA Party (Alliance for Process and Renewal)... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE It’s all built on trust – Shouldn’t it be built on proof?
Friday, 16 July 2021
    It’s all built on trust – Shouldn’t it be built on proof?   Trusting something in the broadest sense means to be convinced that one’s believe makes something reliable. Trusting does... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE My take on the effects on teaching because of Covid-19
Sunday, 05 April 2020
  My take on the effects on teaching because of Covid-19   And now we're all right in the middle of the “Teaching in a digitized world” project, a project that Covid-19 forced on , and: in... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE Nudging - The 'other' way of mass manipulation
Wednesday, 25 January 2017
  Nudging - The 'other' way of mass manipulation   "Nudge or nudging is a concept in behavioural science, political theory and economics which argues that positive reinforcement and... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The Original 25th of December Celebrations
Tuesday, 20 December 2016
  The Original 25th of December Celebrations   Before the onset of the New Year, people around the world would annually celebrate a festivity called Christmas.  And those folks... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE
IMAGE The human psychology on ones position - Radicalism
Saturday, 19 November 2016
  The human psychology on ones position - Radicalism   Radicalism is a result of oppression, suppression or isolation. It is the call for attention in regards to something... MOD_GLOBALNEWS_READ_MORE_TITLE

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